I realize that there is more than one way to do this, but this is the way that I have most recently done it, and it works providing you with packages that you can redistribute to your other Debian / Ubuntu machines or friends.

Grab the dependencies you’ll need to build the kernel

apt-get install fakeroot kernel-wedge build-essential makedumpfile \
        linux ncurses-dev git-core linux linux-source ncurses-dev kernel-package

Grab the kernel that you want

cd /usr/src
wget http://www.kernel.org/pub/linux/kernel/v2.6/linux-2.6.32.2.tar.gz
tar zxf linux-2.6.32.2.tar.gz
cd /usr/src/linux-2.6.32.2

Configure the kernel, I use the config from the stock Ubuntu server kernel, then run “make oldconfig” (hold down enter until all the questions are answered and it gives you back a prompt). Then, run “make menuconfig” and add or remove whatever feature has caused you to want to build your own kernel. Save the config.

cp /boot/config-2.6.31-16-server /usr/src/linux-2.6.32.2/.config
make oldconfig
make menuconfig

Now, we’re ready to compile, set the concurrency level to however many processors (including hyperthreads) you have plus 1 or 2. I’m building on a Core i7 860, so I use 9. (Quad core, which hyperthreading, plus) 1 = 9.

Pick a version number for your kernel. It could be anything you want a-z, A-Z, 0-9, +, or . (no underscores “_”). Thi s will go after append-to-version= below

export CONCURRENCY_LEVEL=9
time fakeroot make-kpkg --append-to-version=.31338 kernel_image --initrd binary

This took about 30 minutes on my system, and leaves me with the following files:

real    30m27.995s
user    79m17.300s
sys     10m38.560s

root@replay02:/usr/src/linux-2.6.32.2# ls /usr/src/*31338*
/usr/src/linux-doc-2.6.32.2.31338_2.6.32.2.31338-10.00.Custom_all.deb
/usr/src/linux-headers-2.6.32.2.31338_2.6.32.2.31338-10.00.Custom_amd64.deb
/usr/src/linux-image-2.6.32.2.31338_2.6.32.2.31338-10.00.Custom_amd64.deb
/usr/src/linux-manual-2.6.32.2.31338_2.6.32.2.31338-10.00.Custom_all.deb
/usr/src/linux-source-2.6.32.2.31338_2.6.32.2.31338-10.00.Custom_all.deb
root@replay02:/usr/src/linux-2.6.32.2#

Now it’s as simple as installing!

dpkg -i /usr/src/linux-headers-2.6.32.2.31338_2.6.32.2.31338-10.00.Custom_amd64.deb
dpkg -i /usr/src/linux-image-2.6.32.2.31338_2.6.32.2.31338-10.00.Custom_amd64.deb

Grub2 should automatically have updated and found the new kernel!

I hope this worked out for you.

First step is to grab ports.tar.gz from ftp.openbsd.org/pub/OpenBSD/4.6/ports.tar.gz

extract into /usr

cd /usr/ports/databases/sharedance
make install
mkdir /data/sessions
useradd -d /data/sessions -s /usr/local/bin/bash sharedance
chown -R /data/sessions sharedance


Add the necessary stuff to /etc/rc.conf.local

sharedanced_flags="--directory=/data/sessions --uid=`id -u sharedance` --daemonize" #sharedance flags

Add the startup script to /etc/rc.local

if [ X"${sharedanced_flags}" != X"NO" -a -x /usr/local/sbin/sharedanced ]; then
echo 'starting sharedance...'; /usr/local/sbin/sharedanced ${sharedanced_flags}
fi


Now let’s try to startup the server and see what happens:

Copy and paste to test our settings

sharedanced_flags="--directory=/data/sessions --uid=`id -u sharedance` --daemonize" #sharedance flags

if [ X"${sharedanced_flags}" != X"NO" -a -x /usr/local/sbin/sharedanced ]; then
echo ‘starting sharedance…’; /usr/local/sbin/sharedanced ${sharedanced_flags}
fi

Now we should start to see sessions flying in!

# ls
001edf5da8d18e03294a0bef64db1c60 3cdd3cb0dcd8c63d4b0afd8d7909c16f 814dce610e0a3a2538414dc8e7aad3ae c50af33ac412115401a2ac858ef913c2
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2c9b8ad03467ab0307e15376c5075798 71198db33dcaff531c9074063aac7a96 af6195347b60139eaadde2ef86e7eb4c f177d6e27e279206a1c83a8a34491dea
2cf71ddf4c69bbfb162ab546b5c3c226 71b064ad7bf71131c44363d9e92cb8df b01defee71f5a549083edeb60de31798 f23396a600bc031ff53fc1b4efef98e8
2db0ab9f95c3182fb44d2700bcf0c315 71e34875ae3d53f7647d8e2783459ceb b0405f9208938fe297e083e5822ae027 f2b7b0e41a0e79b42b7c9ee9711a9492
2f6f580668741b451bf0f3fcaafa54dd 71ed6dd1cf2635fad7a7fb806be17149 b0521abca3f040680591d76166b57552 f2e6b062afa197f60ea434772926a7ce
2fd126dc777bc39af26f0608b1bb162b 72365be2a589f28e7b80e45be1ce39d9 b0cc3e62388621745090c6ea096b05b5 f332f00a2dc274bd735468882a43bb72
2ff12fea157a550b462e5aba7705d20f 72dc77d9739f96adf0b5ee19016aded9 b0d3c66fd989ea12e6fd6a6d5dd94aab f3929a72c0abea5e31b320413dbc9c05
307327b5c490c6707069d61ce58c970e 7341d1416ddaa1b26b42f318fed63e35 b1a3f6f8068994d588a80b6f5014d508 f3a64145296ad92137dd66adf2399b67
30815c48f9106da400b78acc7b76c793 73df37c6da99fd95f17bc16f475f0a62 b1a742b502fb5f2de02e4dbef2acecd4 f4bfec2d7ad5a4d67e40e83409e2ee1f
3357f6e86ed44b089478863434367aa3 74bad0c8ae412877d7b6b0f26b89c743 b23aeaeb8e744e32ee873ee5ebc0dbdc f5a7da23e5b7d602949cf935dafa9e96
342643c2a9d0238bd57786b1ab0f840d 76c0022b61008d9d81debdcd53a806b7 b2dc3811485266c5ea74cc58863698f7 f5e09e0f9699217e56332af2a857e225
345ee73be042c6bb8981a692d2c21253 76caf0f0ea1638270404e8c73f17a74a b4c3d3001c28cad2e0bb41575019d2f2 f6aaeeaf54a5c415e7f391ed392b055d
34717b30367c2d48783350eaa92034ee 771f09935ff51e9a9d19df4eac3d5ca9 b4f6c63bad9de2ab63e626a547ad9d70 f73fbf4b58880a0af04205d35e85bc6e
34e9db147a388b66cd4d9fd3f8fcc1d7 7725d7dc50d8e48dcaff5cb5d06392c5 b557e6cfa0b1428be262dd09bfb22c4b f8046bda69e4ec68ecd00cbb4930817c
35271bc783bee496173b6d752a708d67 77b171827904bbfbb5b012889406eeeb b5a81d482c0b02114a3f4502cc60cb53 f819c0df0e65f566dcc60d6daffa1fa2
35415e32ed8c6443f5b41d1cc79a76b1 77ec57fc0f5f887e478ba41c44ef2728 b5afa7a5b016795e47ac63169fc02eda f824052c4db119db29df42c8b651860d
364fd7755545d46b6cf5fd0aef8ec77e 782c37debea6762fdcacebcc4eb9e818 b7219ee96c86a164e539e3473a5a3c7c f869859c2bd5598277a2baa9d922745e
36685d2416ec26a5292eebfa4e402272 7837228ae924b204a9aa194afa2fd875 b85ceb0ea1492422e2cf4719a93b45fa f87e4c6fb1438626c460f6696bd71f71
36837990a6517b7626dec18e7644890f 78c6297b5b91c4c0fecdadc721fe539c b882b1ebcafb94abf84398a4df06f701 f8fdd974ef498c6dd27a23794033fae7
376af8a3beb25eead3812c02099bea13 78ed78c03d0e409300fbf83da33d88d0 ba4122d50bd27e7fca6f5f66ca03aba5 f9a59dccc80e674858930541886de9fe
3852f87da5f6c1bc1dfdff086f62a937 79369fc4109548195f02c99695c8369c bb2343243a2c9ab6405c9881e4a2c61f fb4d7bde5b00135d6adb89e7572e81fe
38920e4dfdf3bfc3b6ad4bf3752fe465 7af964c5bbdcf42090e739f2c05602b1 bb94ee02b5974b2b4668eea7f08108f2 fb7c4a60177160bbfe3bd25d70dabdf0
38c3602f2a2b3f70ec715b2766d87c34 7c05425dbd712d3b9d347ac4f8a1e093 bd5d6f85a04457c9ae2e4a20ddc4a151 fb86abbc9a9796614d94474ef72c19d7
38f71668a4176be23a68984c72d5d79d 7c290c1293be108483c9de0b62353953 bd64fa75d4e0e89e343083c9e5c31aa1 fc710f8ed2d8e90c74113170cd014bd7
39a6b926c85bd5dbc86f702454825961 7c5bd456af2ee4b703e04e4acad2d0aa bec0a4af16ed0eb7f51bcf4e1b84eca5 fd27b8e76030ea91120b32bf02c5a5aa
39de878de77a64cf6c6045d27cac8a6f 7ccb241082b7e8176ae30ccf5959cd3c bf1689a87825484deaeb08b9f5dcd451 fd30dd3b5e204ef986998856096b1ad8
39e1c20ffd5771a017cee8e5a369b492 7d1d8339d8b27142bfd4b53cdb648b7c bfaadc9b462345b0047be0c6063d2417 fd5fd8222804092ead097005ffc10e9c
39f25cd0182a062b5f9dcf90c25d44f0 7de9ec00aa5d13d95a8c720cc3bfa850 c0d63e8c43f3dc1f8cce0feba388778d fdeadda9aacce44b90a6547767041735
3a240c067d2f8bac27621db322ded861 7e8302d161272bc1524a85e26bad6c79 c1a9829feccc6298a8f4c641e2115c73 fe4eebb5da4be1139ea4cd7c19b63c1b
3a27e4d503fb0eeda4bb18625ac8ab30 7ef0adb20251ad82d51741ce78fa3235 c2557cf1f22b627751e35f7e0240e31d fe557c6d762ac781d7029f518834f1fa
3bbc0f9d01ddfc2c29265dfd4e7af497 7f15397bdfacec3fa4e2b174c26a39f0 c2f4d0e3eb875ecab1c1940543fe7de2 fee9c9a0842fa23016623bcbad29fc35
3be245ca03a1a74a3817b3db22487c9f 7f9339dbc82783eac467c4e76eee2f6f c41899d1eaa9113aa2934f0a941fd710 ff1ed616bd63e5b6e5677752113b2bd9
3c0e03f707bf8cbecaab263e1dbd60a4 7fb51bd339cb14134c163aa667a80b7b c46354de9b77861b9d2f5f09e1bd2d84

I hope this doc helps you out

mv /etc/apt/sources.list /etc/apt/sources.list-bak
vi /etc/apt/sources.list

Put the following lines in your sources.list file, save, and quit

#deb http://archive.ubuntulinux.org/ubuntu hardy main
deb http://us.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ hardy main restricted
deb-src http://us.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ hardy main restricted
deb http://us.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ hardy-updates main restricted
deb-src http://us.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ hardy-updates main restricted
deb http://us.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ hardy universe
deb-src http://us.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ hardy universe
deb http://us.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ hardy-updates universe
deb-src http://us.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ hardy-updates universe
deb http://us.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ hardy multiverse
deb-src http://us.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ hardy multiverse
deb http://us.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ hardy-updates multiverse
deb-src http://us.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ hardy-updates multiverse
deb http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu hardy-security main restricted
deb-src http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu hardy-security main restricted
deb http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu hardy-security universe
deb-src http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu hardy-security universe
deb http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu hardy-security multiverse
deb-src http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu hardy-security multiverse

Run the following,

apt-get update
apt-get dist-upgrade

Follow the prompts, and wallah! You're done!

apt-get install libssl-dev
wget http://ftp.isc.org/isc/bind9/9.6.0-P1/bind-9.6.0-P1.tar.gz
./configure --prefix=/opt/bind9 --with-openssl=yes --sysconfdir=/etc/bind --with-randomdev=/dev/urandom
make && make install

Setup the named.conf, options, loggin, and zones

named.conf

include "/etc/bind/named.logging";

include "/etc/bind/named.options";



        zone "." {
                type hint;
                file "root.cache";
        };



include "/etc/bind/named.master";

include "/etc/bind/named.reverse";

named.logging

logging {
        channel "querylog" {
          file "/var/log/query.log";
          print-time yes;
        };
        channel default_log {
          file "/var/log/named.log";
          print-time yes;
        };
        category queries { querylog; };
        category default { default_log; default_debug; };
        category lame-servers { null; };
};

named.options

acl "toddsmithorg_networks"  { 23.35.27.1/25; };
acl "client_networks" { 192.198.140.0/25; };
options {
        directory "/var/named";
        pid-file "/var/run/named.pid";
        allow-recursion { toddsmithorg_networks; client_networks; };
        version "no thankyou";
        notify no;
        listen-on port 53 {
                127.0.0.1;
                23.35.27.10;
        };
        allow-transfer {
                23.35.27.11;
        };
};

named.master

zone "toddsmith.org" IN {
        type master;
        file "toddsmith.org";
};

Setup your init script

#! /bin/sh

NAMED_ROOT="/opt/bind9"

case "$1" in
    start)
        echo -n "Starting named... "
        $NAMED_ROOT/sbin/named -u named -c /etc/bind/named.conf && echo OK
        ;;
    stop)
        echo -n "Stopping named... "
        kill -15 `cat /var/run/named.pid` && echo OK
        ;;
    restart|reload)
        $0 stop  &&  $0 start
        ;;
    *)
        echo "Usage: $0 {start|stop|restart|reload}"
        exit 1
esac
exit 0

This should get you started

Install the development utils, libs and headers

yum install gcc gcc-c++ kernel-devel ncurses-devel rpm-build

Grab a new kernel

wget http://www.kernel.org/pub/linux/kernel/v2.6/linux-2.6.29.1.tar.gz
tar zxvf linux-2.6.29.1
cd !$

Make sure you enable support for at least the hardware in the machine you’re compiling the kernel on (safe bet). You can use the lspci command to figure out what that is

[root@c1024 linux-2.6.29.1]# lspci 
00:00.0 Host bridge: Intel Corporation 82G33/G31/P35/P31 Express DRAM Controller (rev 10)
00:02.0 VGA compatible controller: Intel Corporation 82G33/G31 Express Integrated Graphics Controller (rev 10)
00:1c.0 PCI bridge: Intel Corporation 82801G (ICH7 Family) PCI Express Port 1 (rev 01)
00:1d.0 USB Controller: Intel Corporation 82801G (ICH7 Family) USB UHCI Controller #1 (rev 01)
00:1d.1 USB Controller: Intel Corporation 82801G (ICH7 Family) USB UHCI Controller #2 (rev 01)
00:1d.2 USB Controller: Intel Corporation 82801G (ICH7 Family) USB UHCI Controller #3 (rev 01)
00:1d.3 USB Controller: Intel Corporation 82801G (ICH7 Family) USB UHCI Controller #4 (rev 01)
00:1d.7 USB Controller: Intel Corporation 82801G (ICH7 Family) USB2 EHCI Controller (rev 01)
00:1e.0 PCI bridge: Intel Corporation 82801 PCI Bridge (rev e1)
00:1f.0 ISA bridge: Intel Corporation 82801GB/GR (ICH7 Family) LPC Interface Bridge (rev 01)
00:1f.1 IDE interface: Intel Corporation 82801G (ICH7 Family) IDE Controller (rev 01)
00:1f.2 IDE interface: Intel Corporation 82801GB/GR/GH (ICH7 Family) SATA IDE Controller (rev 01)
00:1f.3 SMBus: Intel Corporation 82801G (ICH7 Family) SMBus Controller (rev 01)
01:00.0 Ethernet controller: Realtek Semiconductor Co., Ltd. RTL8101E PCI Express Fast Ethernet controller (rev 01)
[root@c1024 linux-2.6.29.1]#

Create your kernel config. (If you already have one, just create a new file called .config and put your kernel configuration in it.

make menuconfig

or

make config

Once you have completed your kernel configuration, you can build the kernel and create an RPM for installation on other hosts. I have a Core2Quad CPU in this system, so I’ll set the number of jobs to 5 -j5

make -j5 rpm

After it has built (without errors) you need to install the kernel from RPM, do a directory listing to see what the name of the file that was built is:

ls /usr/src/redhat/RPMS/`uname -m`
cd !$
rpm -ivh kernel-2.6.29.1.x86_64.rpm

Okay, now create an initial ramdisk for the kernel (initrd)

mkinitrd /boot/initrd-2.6.29.1.img 2.6.29.1

Now edit your /boot/grub/menu.lst to include the new kernel and you’re all set!

Enjoy.

On with the show.

To make this work, you need to drives in your system. The second drive must be identical or larger than the first, and you must have installed XenServer to the first drive without selecting the second drive as part of the storage pool.

Install XenServer as usual. Do not select any extra drives as storage pools.

After installation, boot up, and login into console 3 (Alt-F3) as root

type fdisk -l to list the partitions:

Most likely your disks are represented by SCSI device names under linux / XenServer 5.0

in that case your boot disk would be /dev/sda,

To copy the partition table from /dev/sda to /dev/sdb you can use dd

dd if=/dev/sda of=/dev/sdb bs=512 count=1

Now set the partition table up on /dev/sdb the way it should be for Linux RAID. This means setting the partition types to 0xfd.

I used the following command:

echo -e "\nt\n1\nfd\nt\n3\nfd\nw\nx" | fdisk /dev/sdb

That tells says to fdisk, “tag partition 1 as type 0xfd, tag partition 3 as type 0xfd”

Check to make sure the /dev/md? devices are present

[ -e /dev/md0 ] || mknod /dev/md0 b 9 0
[ -e /dev/md1 ] || mknod /dev/md1 b 9 1

Startup the degraded RAID devices

mdadm --create /dev/md0 --level=1 --raid-devices=2 missing /dev/sdb1
mdadm --create /dev/md1 --level=1 --raid-devices=2 missing /dev/sdb3

The following procedure is directly from the other guys notes. I’ve modified the commands to what I think works a little better.

pvcreate /dev/md1
volume_group=`vgscan | grep VG | awk -F \" '{print $2}'`
vgextend $volume_group /dev/md1
pvmove /dev/sda3 /dev/md1
# If this is a fresh install, then there won't be any data to move
vgreduce $volume_group /dev/sda3

Now we’re ready to copy the filesystem over to the RAID device /dev/md0

mkfs.ext3 /dev/md0
cd / && mount /dev/md0 /mnt && rsync -a --progress --exclude=/sys --exclude=/proc --exclude=/dev/shm --exclude=/dev/pts / /mnt
mkdir /mnt/sys
mkdir /mnt/proc

sed -r -i 's,LABEL=root-\w+ ,/dev/md0 ,g' /mnt/etc/fstab

Now let’s setup initrd

mkdir /root/initrd && cd /root/initrd
zcat /boot/initrd-`uname -r`.img | cpio -i && \
cp /lib/modules/`uname -r`/kernel/drivers/md/raid1.ko lib

Now we have to edit the init file

q="echo Waiting for driver initialization."
sed -r -i "s,^${q}$,\n\necho Loading raid1.ko module\ninsmod /lib/raid1.ko\n${q}\n,g" init
q="resume /var/swap/swap.001"
sed -r -i "s,^${q}$,${q}\necho Running raidautorun\nraidautorun /dev/md0\nraidautorun /dev/md1,g" init
r=`grep mkroot /root/initrd/init`
sed -r -i "s|^${r}$|${r/sda1/md0}|g" init

Now we’ll copy the initial ramdisk to the /boot on the new RAID

find . -print | cpio -o -c | gzip -c > /boot/initrd-`uname -r`.img
sed -r -i 's,LABEL=root-\w+ ,/dev/md0 ,g' /mnt/etc/fstab
sed -r -i 's,LABEL=root-\w+ ,/dev/md0 ,g' /etc/fstab

And setup the boot loader

sed -r -i 's,root=LABEL=root-\w+ ,root=/dev/md0 ,g' /mnt/boot/extlinux.conf
sed -r -i 's,root=LABEL=root-\w+ ,root=/dev/md0 ,g' /boot/extlinux.conf
cat /usr/lib/syslinux/mbr.bin > /dev/sdb
cd /mnt && extlinux -i boot/
extlinux -i boot/

If you’ve done this remotely, you can try the following.

cp /mnt/boot/extlinux.conf /boot/
cp /mnt/boot/initrd-`uname -r`.img /boot

Unmount /dev/md0, sync, and reboot

cd ; umount /mnt || umount /dev/md0
sync
reboot

First we tag the partitions as type Linux raid, then we have to add /dev/sda to the RAID.

echo -e "\nt\n1\nfd\nt\n3\nfd\nw\nx" | fdisk /dev/sda
mdadm -a /dev/md0 /dev/sda1
mdadm -a /dev/md1 /dev/sda3

Troubleshooting

The first time I did this procedure I got stuck because my rsync didn’t copy /proc and /sys like I asked it not to. So I had to add the step of creating those two directories so they could be mounted at boot.

After messing around with it a little, I came up with this command line to boot XenServer 5 from extlinux.

mboot.c32 /boot/xen.gz dom0_mem=752M --- /boot/vmlinuz-2.6-xen root=/dev/md0  single --- /boot/initrd-2.6-xen.img

Basically, I was trying to setup the ability for Ubersmith to receive mails to the alias that they have you create during installation. For most installations this should probably be pretty straight forward:

But I kept getting this error in my mail.log file:

Mar 22 01:37:38 support smrsh: uid 25: attempt to use “php -q -f /vhosts/support.domain.dom/htdocs/cron/gateway.php support.domain.dom 1″ (stat failed)
Mar 22 01:37:38 support sm-mta[22733]: n2M1aRGF022722: to=”|php -q -f /vhosts/support.domain.dom/htdocs/cron/gateway.php support.domain.dom 1″, ctladdr= (25/0), delay=00:00:36, xdelay=00:00:00, mailer=prog, pri=13679, dsn=5.0.0, stat=Service unavailable
Mar 22 01:37:38 support sm-mta[22733]: n2M1aRGF022722: n2M1bcGG022733: DSN: Service unavailable

Here’s our mail alias:

support: “|php -q -f /vhosts/support.domain.dom/htdocs/cron/gateway.php support.domain.dom 1″

So the usual solution would be to do the following:

cd /etc/mail
ln -s /path/to/php php

However, that wasn’t working…. Most likely because my php executable is not in some search path for smrsh.

Finally I discovered this /usr/adm/sm.bin!

root@support:/usr/adm/sm.bin# strings `which smrsh` | grep usr
/usr/adm/sm.bin
/bin:/usr/bin:/usr/ucb
root@support:/usr/adm/sm.bin#

Well, what have we here? /usr/adm/sm.bin looks a little foreign to me.
Obviously the second line is my hard-coded path, which it looks like smrsh thought it was on a sun platform during compile time, but whatever….

So let’s have a look at the docs… They read…

If your platform doesn’t have a default SMRSH_CMDDIR setting, you will
next need to create the directory /usr/adm/sm.bin and populate
it with the programs that your site feels are allowable for sendmail
to execute. This directory is explicitly specified in the source
code for smrsh, so changing this directory must be accompanied with
a change in smrsh.c.

Let me try that. It’s worth a shot.

mkdir -p /usr/adm/sm.bin
cd !$
ln -s /opt/bin/php
ls -aFl

root@support:/usr/adm/sm.bin# ls -aFl
total 0
drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 72 Mar 21 18:39 ./
drwxr-xr-x 3 root root 72 Mar 21 18:38 ../
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 24 Mar 21 18:39 php -> /opt/bin/php*
root@support:/usr/adm/sm.bin#

Now my mail.log looks a little bit more like expected….

Mar 22 02:47:44 support sm-mta[23613]: n2M2jvox023571: to=”|php -q -f /vhosts/support.domain.dom/htdocs/cron/gateway.php support.domain.dom 1″, ctladdr= (25/0), delay=00:01:12, xdelay=00:00:01, mailer=prog, pri=5357, dsn=2.0.0, stat=Sent

I hope you found this helpful

iSCSI

• All major server distributions support iSCSI
• iSCSI is based on open standards
• iSCSI is often a requirement for people setting up virtual machines
• iSCSI is the most inexpensive way to build a SAN

The question is now do I go with LIO or IET?

EIT appears to me to be the most mature software. I’ll use it.

So I download it from sourceforge: iscsitarget-04.17.tar.gz

I want to build this on a solid fresh base, and so I’ll do an apt-get update and an apt-get upgrade to make sure I’ve got all of the latest software, libraries, and header files.

Turns out that on this installation of Ubuntu Server, I don’t have “make” installed.

I’ll use apt-get install build-essential to update my system with all the goodies that I’ll need to build the system. Stuff like gcc, make, binutils, g++ and so forth.

I extract the iscsitarget to /usr/src, and cd /usr/src/iscsitarget-0.4.17, and issue the make command.

I get an error right off the bat:

chap.c:20:25: error: openssl/sha.h: No such file or directory
chap.c:21:25: error: openssl/md5.h: No such file or directory
chap.c: In function ‘chap_calc_digest_md5’:

Looks like I need the openssl development headers installed. Simply: apt-get install libssl-dev

Let’s try make again. Okay another error, but we’ve made some progress:

make -C /lib/modules/2.6.27-7-server/build SUBDIRS=/usr/src/iscsitarget-0.4.17/kernel modules
make: *** /lib/modules/2.6.27-7-server/build: No such file or directory. Stop.
make: *** [kernel] Error 2

Let’s try again: apt-get install kernel-package linux-libc-dev linux-source linux-headers-`uname -r`

Is it there now? /lib/modules/$(uname -r)/build

Yes! apt-get is so cool!

For Redhat/CentOS based OSs try yum -y install gcc openssl-devel kernel-devel

Try again: make clean && make

root@opennas-kc01:/usr/src/iscsitarget-0.4.17# make clean && make
make -C usr clean
make[1]: Entering directory `/usr/src/iscsitarget-0.4.17/usr’
rm -f *.o ietd ietadm
make[1]: Leaving directory `/usr/src/iscsitarget-0.4.17/usr’
make -C /lib/modules/2.6.27-7-server/build SUBDIRS=/usr/src/iscsitarget-0.4.17/kernel clean
make[1]: Entering directory `/usr/src/linux-headers-2.6.27-7-server’
CLEAN /usr/src/iscsitarget-0.4.17/kernel/.tmp_versions
CLEAN /usr/src/iscsitarget-0.4.17/kernel/Module.symvers
make[1]: Leaving directory `/usr/src/linux-headers-2.6.27-7-server’
make -C usr
make[1]: Entering directory `/usr/src/iscsitarget-0.4.17/usr’
cc -O2 -fno-inline -Wall -Wstrict-prototypes -g -I../include -D_GNU_SOURCE -c -o ietd.o ietd.c
cc -O2 -fno-inline -Wall -Wstrict-prototypes -g -I../include -D_GNU_SOURCE -c -o iscsid.o iscsid.c
cc -O2 -fno-inline -Wall -Wstrict-prototypes -g -I../include -D_GNU_SOURCE -c -o conn.o conn.c
cc -O2 -fno-inline -Wall -Wstrict-prototypes -g -I../include -D_GNU_SOURCE -c -o session.o session.c
cc -O2 -fno-inline -Wall -Wstrict-prototypes -g -I../include -D_GNU_SOURCE -c -o target.o target.c
cc -O2 -fno-inline -Wall -Wstrict-prototypes -g -I../include -D_GNU_SOURCE -c -o message.o message.c
cc -O2 -fno-inline -Wall -Wstrict-prototypes -g -I../include -D_GNU_SOURCE -c -o ctldev.o ctldev.c
cc -O2 -fno-inline -Wall -Wstrict-prototypes -g -I../include -D_GNU_SOURCE -c -o log.o log.c
cc -O2 -fno-inline -Wall -Wstrict-prototypes -g -I../include -D_GNU_SOURCE -c -o chap.o chap.c
cc -O2 -fno-inline -Wall -Wstrict-prototypes -g -I../include -D_GNU_SOURCE -c -o event.o event.c
event.c: In function ‘handle_iscsi_events’:
event.c:86: warning: format ‘%#lx’ expects type ‘long unsigned int’, but argument 4 has type ‘long long unsigned int’
event.c:91: warning: format ‘%#lx’ expects type ‘long unsigned int’, but argument 2 has type ‘long long unsigned int’
cc -O2 -fno-inline -Wall -Wstrict-prototypes -g -I../include -D_GNU_SOURCE -c -o param.o param.c
cc -O2 -fno-inline -Wall -Wstrict-prototypes -g -I../include -D_GNU_SOURCE -c -o plain.o plain.c
cc -O2 -fno-inline -Wall -Wstrict-prototypes -g -I../include -D_GNU_SOURCE -c -o isns.o isns.c
cc ietd.o iscsid.o conn.o session.o target.o message.o ctldev.o log.o chap.o event.o param.o plain.o isns.o -o ietd -lcrypto
cc -O2 -fno-inline -Wall -Wstrict-prototypes -g -I../include -D_GNU_SOURCE -c -o ietadm.o ietadm.c
cc ietadm.o param.o -o ietadm
make[1]: Leaving directory `/usr/src/iscsitarget-0.4.17/usr’
make -C /lib/modules/2.6.27-7-server/build SUBDIRS=/usr/src/iscsitarget-0.4.17/kernel modules
make[1]: Entering directory `/usr/src/linux-headers-2.6.27-7-server’
CC [M] /usr/src/iscsitarget-0.4.17/kernel/tio.o
CC [M] /usr/src/iscsitarget-0.4.17/kernel/iscsi.o
CC [M] /usr/src/iscsitarget-0.4.17/kernel/nthread.o
CC [M] /usr/src/iscsitarget-0.4.17/kernel/wthread.o
CC [M] /usr/src/iscsitarget-0.4.17/kernel/config.o
CC [M] /usr/src/iscsitarget-0.4.17/kernel/digest.o
CC [M] /usr/src/iscsitarget-0.4.17/kernel/conn.o
CC [M] /usr/src/iscsitarget-0.4.17/kernel/session.o
CC [M] /usr/src/iscsitarget-0.4.17/kernel/target.o
CC [M] /usr/src/iscsitarget-0.4.17/kernel/volume.o
CC [M] /usr/src/iscsitarget-0.4.17/kernel/iotype.o
CC [M] /usr/src/iscsitarget-0.4.17/kernel/file-io.o
CC [M] /usr/src/iscsitarget-0.4.17/kernel/null-io.o
CC [M] /usr/src/iscsitarget-0.4.17/kernel/target_disk.o
CC [M] /usr/src/iscsitarget-0.4.17/kernel/event.o
CC [M] /usr/src/iscsitarget-0.4.17/kernel/param.o
CC [M] /usr/src/iscsitarget-0.4.17/kernel/block-io.o
LD [M] /usr/src/iscsitarget-0.4.17/kernel/iscsi_trgt.o
Building modules, stage 2.
MODPOST 1 modules
CC /usr/src/iscsitarget-0.4.17/kernel/iscsi_trgt.mod.o
LD [M] /usr/src/iscsitarget-0.4.17/kernel/iscsi_trgt.ko
make[1]: Leaving directory `/usr/src/linux-headers-2.6.27-7-server’
root@opennas-kc01:/usr/src/iscsitarget-0.4.17#

root@opennas-kc01:/usr/src/iscsitarget-0.4.17# make install
`usr/ietd’ -> `/usr/sbin/ietd’
`usr/ietadm’ -> `/usr/sbin/ietadm’
`etc/initd/initd.debian’ -> `/etc/init.d/iscsi-target’
`etc/ietd.conf’ -> `/etc/ietd.conf’
`etc/initiators.allow’ -> `/etc/initiators.allow’
`etc/initiators.deny’ -> `/etc/initiators.deny’
`doc/manpages/ietadm.8′ -> `/usr/share/man/man8/ietadm.8′
`doc/manpages/ietd.8′ -> `/usr/share/man/man8/ietd.8′
`doc/manpages/ietd.conf.5′ -> `/usr/share/man/man5/ietd.conf.5′
install: creating directory `/usr/share/doc/iscsitarget’
`ChangeLog’ -> `/usr/share/doc/iscsitarget/ChangeLog’
`COPYING’ -> `/usr/share/doc/iscsitarget/COPYING’
`README’ -> `/usr/share/doc/iscsitarget/README’
`README.vmware’ -> `/usr/share/doc/iscsitarget/README.vmware’
install: creating directory `/lib/modules/2.6.27-7-server/kernel/iscsi’
`kernel/iscsi_trgt.ko’ -> `/lib/modules/2.6.27-7-server/kernel/iscsi/iscsi_trgt.ko’
Running depmod
root@opennas-kc01:/usr/src/iscsitarget-0.4.17#

I run the start command: /etc/init.d/iscsi-target start && tail /var/log/messages

And I see good stuff:

Mar 17 00:09:22 opennas-kc01 kernel: [15876.392301] iSCSI Enterprise Target Software – version 0.4.15
Mar 17 00:09:22 opennas-kc01 kernel: [15876.392404] iscsi_trgt: Registered io type fileio
Mar 17 00:09:22 opennas-kc01 kernel: [15876.392407] iscsi_trgt: Registered io type blockio
Mar 17 00:09:22 opennas-kc01 kernel: [15876.392410] iscsi_trgt: Registered io type nullio

Configuration

man ietd.conf

From the ietd.conf manpage:

DESCRIPTION
/etc/ietd.conf contains configuration information for the ietd (8) command. This is the place, where you configure your iSCSI
targets and daemon defaults.

Only lines starting with ‘#’ are ignored. Putting ’#’ in the middle of a line is disallowed. A line may be extended across multi‐
ple lines by making the last character a backslash.

The “Yes” and “No” for parameter values are case sensitive. The parameter names are case insensitive.

The file consists of a global part and zero or more “Target” stanzas. Everything until the first target definition belongs to the
global configuration.

Here is an example:

IncomingUser joe secret
OutgoingUser jack secret2

Target iqn.2001-04.com.example:storage.disk2.sys1.xyz
IncomingUser jim othersecret
OutgoingUser james yetanothersecret
Lun 0 Path=/dev/sdc,Type=fileio
Lun 1 Sectors=10000,Type=nullio
Alias Test
HeaderDigest None
DataDigest None
MaxConnections 1
InitialR2T Yes
ImmediateData No
MaxRecvDataSegmentLength 8192
MaxXmitDataSegmentLength 8192
MaxBurstLength 262144
FirstBurstLength 65536
DefaultTime2Wait 2
DefaultTime2Retain 20
MaxOutstandingR2T 8
DataPDUInOrder Yes
DataSequenceInOrder Yes
ErrorRecoveryLevel 0

Stanzas start with the word “Target” and the target name. This name must be a globally unique name, as defined by the iSCSI stan‐
dard : the “iSCSI Qualified Name”. The daemon brings the targets up in the order listed.

In the following example configuration I used an LVM device (/dev/mapper/lvmxen-capacity–root) it could have been any other block device however such as /dev/sdb1.

Target iqn.2001-10.org.toddsmith:storage.vps.mac.blacktop
IncomingUser toddin 012345678901
OutgoingUser toddout 012345678901
Lun 0 Path=/dev/mapper/lvmxen-capacity–root,Type=fileio,ScsiId=Sup3rSCS1D3V1C31

The IncomingUser is used for iSCSI initiator discovery, and outgoing user authenticates the iSCSI target server to the initiator client. Hint, the RFC specifies that the password must be exactly 12 characters.

I hope you found this HOWTO useful.