I realize that there is more than one way to do this, but this is the way that I have most recently done it, and it works providing you with packages that you can redistribute to your other Debian / Ubuntu machines or friends.

Grab the dependencies you’ll need to build the kernel

apt-get install fakeroot kernel-wedge build-essential makedumpfile \
        linux ncurses-dev git-core linux linux-source ncurses-dev kernel-package

Grab the kernel that you want

cd /usr/src
wget http://www.kernel.org/pub/linux/kernel/v2.6/linux-2.6.32.2.tar.gz
tar zxf linux-2.6.32.2.tar.gz
cd /usr/src/linux-2.6.32.2

Configure the kernel, I use the config from the stock Ubuntu server kernel, then run “make oldconfig” (hold down enter until all the questions are answered and it gives you back a prompt). Then, run “make menuconfig” and add or remove whatever feature has caused you to want to build your own kernel. Save the config.

cp /boot/config-2.6.31-16-server /usr/src/linux-2.6.32.2/.config
make oldconfig
make menuconfig

Now, we’re ready to compile, set the concurrency level to however many processors (including hyperthreads) you have plus 1 or 2. I’m building on a Core i7 860, so I use 9. (Quad core, which hyperthreading, plus) 1 = 9.

Pick a version number for your kernel. It could be anything you want a-z, A-Z, 0-9, +, or . (no underscores “_”). Thi s will go after append-to-version= below

export CONCURRENCY_LEVEL=9
time fakeroot make-kpkg --append-to-version=.31338 kernel_image --initrd binary

This took about 30 minutes on my system, and leaves me with the following files:

real    30m27.995s
user    79m17.300s
sys     10m38.560s

root@replay02:/usr/src/linux-2.6.32.2# ls /usr/src/*31338*
/usr/src/linux-doc-2.6.32.2.31338_2.6.32.2.31338-10.00.Custom_all.deb
/usr/src/linux-headers-2.6.32.2.31338_2.6.32.2.31338-10.00.Custom_amd64.deb
/usr/src/linux-image-2.6.32.2.31338_2.6.32.2.31338-10.00.Custom_amd64.deb
/usr/src/linux-manual-2.6.32.2.31338_2.6.32.2.31338-10.00.Custom_all.deb
/usr/src/linux-source-2.6.32.2.31338_2.6.32.2.31338-10.00.Custom_all.deb
root@replay02:/usr/src/linux-2.6.32.2#

Now it’s as simple as installing!

dpkg -i /usr/src/linux-headers-2.6.32.2.31338_2.6.32.2.31338-10.00.Custom_amd64.deb
dpkg -i /usr/src/linux-image-2.6.32.2.31338_2.6.32.2.31338-10.00.Custom_amd64.deb

Grub2 should automatically have updated and found the new kernel!

I hope this worked out for you.

First step is to grab ports.tar.gz from ftp.openbsd.org/pub/OpenBSD/4.6/ports.tar.gz

extract into /usr

cd /usr/ports/databases/sharedance
make install
mkdir /data/sessions
useradd -d /data/sessions -s /usr/local/bin/bash sharedance
chown -R /data/sessions sharedance


Add the necessary stuff to /etc/rc.conf.local

sharedanced_flags="--directory=/data/sessions --uid=`id -u sharedance` --daemonize" #sharedance flags

Add the startup script to /etc/rc.local

if [ X"${sharedanced_flags}" != X"NO" -a -x /usr/local/sbin/sharedanced ]; then
echo 'starting sharedance...'; /usr/local/sbin/sharedanced ${sharedanced_flags}
fi


Now let’s try to startup the server and see what happens:

Copy and paste to test our settings

sharedanced_flags="--directory=/data/sessions --uid=`id -u sharedance` --daemonize" #sharedance flags

if [ X"${sharedanced_flags}" != X"NO" -a -x /usr/local/sbin/sharedanced ]; then
echo ‘starting sharedance…’; /usr/local/sbin/sharedanced ${sharedanced_flags}
fi

Now we should start to see sessions flying in!

# ls
001edf5da8d18e03294a0bef64db1c60 3cdd3cb0dcd8c63d4b0afd8d7909c16f 814dce610e0a3a2538414dc8e7aad3ae c50af33ac412115401a2ac858ef913c2
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2aed851c26f4c4ba54a63d57abedef4b 700429bcbfafd3a3def489a427568d66 ae9d5d497d8b7bf93c93ff769040fc6c f096bbbbd5d8ce8684eb7074bdcea9e3
2c1ff6f7d8356bf4c585e11ab7d01c79 706d2fee6062ccd2d6a468cbe5076b71 aec0e3f388491bcf424c49f063f43cb2 f0f5271615b2f05b229922ff35ad40d5
2c9b8ad03467ab0307e15376c5075798 71198db33dcaff531c9074063aac7a96 af6195347b60139eaadde2ef86e7eb4c f177d6e27e279206a1c83a8a34491dea
2cf71ddf4c69bbfb162ab546b5c3c226 71b064ad7bf71131c44363d9e92cb8df b01defee71f5a549083edeb60de31798 f23396a600bc031ff53fc1b4efef98e8
2db0ab9f95c3182fb44d2700bcf0c315 71e34875ae3d53f7647d8e2783459ceb b0405f9208938fe297e083e5822ae027 f2b7b0e41a0e79b42b7c9ee9711a9492
2f6f580668741b451bf0f3fcaafa54dd 71ed6dd1cf2635fad7a7fb806be17149 b0521abca3f040680591d76166b57552 f2e6b062afa197f60ea434772926a7ce
2fd126dc777bc39af26f0608b1bb162b 72365be2a589f28e7b80e45be1ce39d9 b0cc3e62388621745090c6ea096b05b5 f332f00a2dc274bd735468882a43bb72
2ff12fea157a550b462e5aba7705d20f 72dc77d9739f96adf0b5ee19016aded9 b0d3c66fd989ea12e6fd6a6d5dd94aab f3929a72c0abea5e31b320413dbc9c05
307327b5c490c6707069d61ce58c970e 7341d1416ddaa1b26b42f318fed63e35 b1a3f6f8068994d588a80b6f5014d508 f3a64145296ad92137dd66adf2399b67
30815c48f9106da400b78acc7b76c793 73df37c6da99fd95f17bc16f475f0a62 b1a742b502fb5f2de02e4dbef2acecd4 f4bfec2d7ad5a4d67e40e83409e2ee1f
3357f6e86ed44b089478863434367aa3 74bad0c8ae412877d7b6b0f26b89c743 b23aeaeb8e744e32ee873ee5ebc0dbdc f5a7da23e5b7d602949cf935dafa9e96
342643c2a9d0238bd57786b1ab0f840d 76c0022b61008d9d81debdcd53a806b7 b2dc3811485266c5ea74cc58863698f7 f5e09e0f9699217e56332af2a857e225
345ee73be042c6bb8981a692d2c21253 76caf0f0ea1638270404e8c73f17a74a b4c3d3001c28cad2e0bb41575019d2f2 f6aaeeaf54a5c415e7f391ed392b055d
34717b30367c2d48783350eaa92034ee 771f09935ff51e9a9d19df4eac3d5ca9 b4f6c63bad9de2ab63e626a547ad9d70 f73fbf4b58880a0af04205d35e85bc6e
34e9db147a388b66cd4d9fd3f8fcc1d7 7725d7dc50d8e48dcaff5cb5d06392c5 b557e6cfa0b1428be262dd09bfb22c4b f8046bda69e4ec68ecd00cbb4930817c
35271bc783bee496173b6d752a708d67 77b171827904bbfbb5b012889406eeeb b5a81d482c0b02114a3f4502cc60cb53 f819c0df0e65f566dcc60d6daffa1fa2
35415e32ed8c6443f5b41d1cc79a76b1 77ec57fc0f5f887e478ba41c44ef2728 b5afa7a5b016795e47ac63169fc02eda f824052c4db119db29df42c8b651860d
364fd7755545d46b6cf5fd0aef8ec77e 782c37debea6762fdcacebcc4eb9e818 b7219ee96c86a164e539e3473a5a3c7c f869859c2bd5598277a2baa9d922745e
36685d2416ec26a5292eebfa4e402272 7837228ae924b204a9aa194afa2fd875 b85ceb0ea1492422e2cf4719a93b45fa f87e4c6fb1438626c460f6696bd71f71
36837990a6517b7626dec18e7644890f 78c6297b5b91c4c0fecdadc721fe539c b882b1ebcafb94abf84398a4df06f701 f8fdd974ef498c6dd27a23794033fae7
376af8a3beb25eead3812c02099bea13 78ed78c03d0e409300fbf83da33d88d0 ba4122d50bd27e7fca6f5f66ca03aba5 f9a59dccc80e674858930541886de9fe
3852f87da5f6c1bc1dfdff086f62a937 79369fc4109548195f02c99695c8369c bb2343243a2c9ab6405c9881e4a2c61f fb4d7bde5b00135d6adb89e7572e81fe
38920e4dfdf3bfc3b6ad4bf3752fe465 7af964c5bbdcf42090e739f2c05602b1 bb94ee02b5974b2b4668eea7f08108f2 fb7c4a60177160bbfe3bd25d70dabdf0
38c3602f2a2b3f70ec715b2766d87c34 7c05425dbd712d3b9d347ac4f8a1e093 bd5d6f85a04457c9ae2e4a20ddc4a151 fb86abbc9a9796614d94474ef72c19d7
38f71668a4176be23a68984c72d5d79d 7c290c1293be108483c9de0b62353953 bd64fa75d4e0e89e343083c9e5c31aa1 fc710f8ed2d8e90c74113170cd014bd7
39a6b926c85bd5dbc86f702454825961 7c5bd456af2ee4b703e04e4acad2d0aa bec0a4af16ed0eb7f51bcf4e1b84eca5 fd27b8e76030ea91120b32bf02c5a5aa
39de878de77a64cf6c6045d27cac8a6f 7ccb241082b7e8176ae30ccf5959cd3c bf1689a87825484deaeb08b9f5dcd451 fd30dd3b5e204ef986998856096b1ad8
39e1c20ffd5771a017cee8e5a369b492 7d1d8339d8b27142bfd4b53cdb648b7c bfaadc9b462345b0047be0c6063d2417 fd5fd8222804092ead097005ffc10e9c
39f25cd0182a062b5f9dcf90c25d44f0 7de9ec00aa5d13d95a8c720cc3bfa850 c0d63e8c43f3dc1f8cce0feba388778d fdeadda9aacce44b90a6547767041735
3a240c067d2f8bac27621db322ded861 7e8302d161272bc1524a85e26bad6c79 c1a9829feccc6298a8f4c641e2115c73 fe4eebb5da4be1139ea4cd7c19b63c1b
3a27e4d503fb0eeda4bb18625ac8ab30 7ef0adb20251ad82d51741ce78fa3235 c2557cf1f22b627751e35f7e0240e31d fe557c6d762ac781d7029f518834f1fa
3bbc0f9d01ddfc2c29265dfd4e7af497 7f15397bdfacec3fa4e2b174c26a39f0 c2f4d0e3eb875ecab1c1940543fe7de2 fee9c9a0842fa23016623bcbad29fc35
3be245ca03a1a74a3817b3db22487c9f 7f9339dbc82783eac467c4e76eee2f6f c41899d1eaa9113aa2934f0a941fd710 ff1ed616bd63e5b6e5677752113b2bd9
3c0e03f707bf8cbecaab263e1dbd60a4 7fb51bd339cb14134c163aa667a80b7b c46354de9b77861b9d2f5f09e1bd2d84

I hope this doc helps you out

apt-get install libssl-dev
wget http://ftp.isc.org/isc/bind9/9.6.0-P1/bind-9.6.0-P1.tar.gz
./configure --prefix=/opt/bind9 --with-openssl=yes --sysconfdir=/etc/bind --with-randomdev=/dev/urandom
make && make install

Setup the named.conf, options, loggin, and zones

named.conf

include "/etc/bind/named.logging";

include "/etc/bind/named.options";



        zone "." {
                type hint;
                file "root.cache";
        };



include "/etc/bind/named.master";

include "/etc/bind/named.reverse";

named.logging

logging {
        channel "querylog" {
          file "/var/log/query.log";
          print-time yes;
        };
        channel default_log {
          file "/var/log/named.log";
          print-time yes;
        };
        category queries { querylog; };
        category default { default_log; default_debug; };
        category lame-servers { null; };
};

named.options

acl "toddsmithorg_networks"  { 23.35.27.1/25; };
acl "client_networks" { 192.198.140.0/25; };
options {
        directory "/var/named";
        pid-file "/var/run/named.pid";
        allow-recursion { toddsmithorg_networks; client_networks; };
        version "no thankyou";
        notify no;
        listen-on port 53 {
                127.0.0.1;
                23.35.27.10;
        };
        allow-transfer {
                23.35.27.11;
        };
};

named.master

zone "toddsmith.org" IN {
        type master;
        file "toddsmith.org";
};

Setup your init script

#! /bin/sh

NAMED_ROOT="/opt/bind9"

case "$1" in
    start)
        echo -n "Starting named... "
        $NAMED_ROOT/sbin/named -u named -c /etc/bind/named.conf && echo OK
        ;;
    stop)
        echo -n "Stopping named... "
        kill -15 `cat /var/run/named.pid` && echo OK
        ;;
    restart|reload)
        $0 stop  &&  $0 start
        ;;
    *)
        echo "Usage: $0 {start|stop|restart|reload}"
        exit 1
esac
exit 0

This should get you started

Install the development utils, libs and headers

yum install gcc gcc-c++ kernel-devel ncurses-devel rpm-build

Grab a new kernel

wget http://www.kernel.org/pub/linux/kernel/v2.6/linux-2.6.29.1.tar.gz
tar zxvf linux-2.6.29.1
cd !$

Make sure you enable support for at least the hardware in the machine you’re compiling the kernel on (safe bet). You can use the lspci command to figure out what that is

[root@c1024 linux-2.6.29.1]# lspci 
00:00.0 Host bridge: Intel Corporation 82G33/G31/P35/P31 Express DRAM Controller (rev 10)
00:02.0 VGA compatible controller: Intel Corporation 82G33/G31 Express Integrated Graphics Controller (rev 10)
00:1c.0 PCI bridge: Intel Corporation 82801G (ICH7 Family) PCI Express Port 1 (rev 01)
00:1d.0 USB Controller: Intel Corporation 82801G (ICH7 Family) USB UHCI Controller #1 (rev 01)
00:1d.1 USB Controller: Intel Corporation 82801G (ICH7 Family) USB UHCI Controller #2 (rev 01)
00:1d.2 USB Controller: Intel Corporation 82801G (ICH7 Family) USB UHCI Controller #3 (rev 01)
00:1d.3 USB Controller: Intel Corporation 82801G (ICH7 Family) USB UHCI Controller #4 (rev 01)
00:1d.7 USB Controller: Intel Corporation 82801G (ICH7 Family) USB2 EHCI Controller (rev 01)
00:1e.0 PCI bridge: Intel Corporation 82801 PCI Bridge (rev e1)
00:1f.0 ISA bridge: Intel Corporation 82801GB/GR (ICH7 Family) LPC Interface Bridge (rev 01)
00:1f.1 IDE interface: Intel Corporation 82801G (ICH7 Family) IDE Controller (rev 01)
00:1f.2 IDE interface: Intel Corporation 82801GB/GR/GH (ICH7 Family) SATA IDE Controller (rev 01)
00:1f.3 SMBus: Intel Corporation 82801G (ICH7 Family) SMBus Controller (rev 01)
01:00.0 Ethernet controller: Realtek Semiconductor Co., Ltd. RTL8101E PCI Express Fast Ethernet controller (rev 01)
[root@c1024 linux-2.6.29.1]#

Create your kernel config. (If you already have one, just create a new file called .config and put your kernel configuration in it.

make menuconfig

or

make config

Once you have completed your kernel configuration, you can build the kernel and create an RPM for installation on other hosts. I have a Core2Quad CPU in this system, so I’ll set the number of jobs to 5 -j5

make -j5 rpm

After it has built (without errors) you need to install the kernel from RPM, do a directory listing to see what the name of the file that was built is:

ls /usr/src/redhat/RPMS/`uname -m`
cd !$
rpm -ivh kernel-2.6.29.1.x86_64.rpm

Okay, now create an initial ramdisk for the kernel (initrd)

mkinitrd /boot/initrd-2.6.29.1.img 2.6.29.1

Now edit your /boot/grub/menu.lst to include the new kernel and you’re all set!

Enjoy.

This allows you to create a Certificate Authority otherwise known as a CA so you can sign your own certificates. This script has two requirements. A *nix machine with /bin/sh, /bin/bash or a compatible shell, and openssl from the OpenSSL project. You can start the timer now…

I’ve written a script to greatly simplify and automate the processes of both creating the Certificate Authority, and creating Certificates. The script has two basic functions:

1. Create a Certificate Authority
2. Create keys, certificates, and certificate signing requests, and sign them using the Certificate Authority

Directions for Use

To get this all setup in running, you just need to create a directory, create two files, and execute one of them. Edit the openssl.cnf with your favorite text editor (vim, emacs, nano, pico, ed, joe, whatever), put in your info and then run CAAdmin.sh to get started

From here open a terminal to get started

Create a working directory (copy and paste this block of code into your terminal)

mkdir Certificate_Authority_Admin
cd Certificate_Authority_Admin

Create openssl.cnf (copy and paste this block of code into your terminal)

cat << EoF > openssl.cnf
#
# OpenSSL configuration file.
# 

# Establish working directory.
dir = "CA"

[ ca ]
default_ca = CA_default 

[ CA_default ]
serial = $dir/serial
database = $dir/index.txt
new_certs_dir = $dir/newcerts
certificate = $dir/public/cacert.pem
private_key = $dir/private/cakey.pem
default_days = 730
default_md = md5
preserve = no
email_in_dn = no
nameopt = default_ca
certopt = default_ca
policy = policy_match 

[ policy_match ]
countryName = supplied
stateOrProvinceName = supplied
organizationName = supplied
organizationalUnitName = optional
commonName = supplied
emailAddress = optional

[ req ]
default_bits = 1024 # Size of keys
default_keyfile = key.pem # name of generated keys
default_md = md5 # message digest algorithm
string_mask = nombstr # permitted characters
distinguished_name = req_distinguished_name
req_extensions = v3_req

[ req_distinguished_name ]
# Variable name   Prompt string
#----------------------   ----------------------------------
0.organizationName = Organization Name (company)
organizationalUnitName = Organizational Unit Name (department, division)
emailAddress = Email Address
emailAddress_max = 40
localityName = Locality Name (city, district)
stateOrProvinceName = State or Province Name (full name)
countryName = Country Name (2 letter code)
countryName_min = 2
countryName_max = 2
commonName = Common Name (hostname, IP, or your name)
commonName_max = 64

# Default values for the above, for consistency and less typing.
# Variable name   Value
#------------------------------   ------------------------------
0.organizationName_default = ToddSmith, Org
organizationalUnitName_default = Secure Services
countryName_default = US
localityName_default = Los Angeles
emailAddress_default = ca@toddsmith.org
stateOrProvinceName_default = California
commonName_default = toddsmith.org

[ v3_ca ]
basicConstraints = CA:TRUE
subjectKeyIdentifier = hash
authorityKeyIdentifier = keyid:always,issuer:always 

[ v3_req ]
basicConstraints = CA:FALSE
subjectKeyIdentifier = hash
EoF

Create the CAAdmin Script (copy and paste this block of code into your terminal)

cat << EoF > CAAdmin.sh
#!/bin/bash
cadir=CA
conf="openssl.cnf"
cwd=`pwd`

echo -n "Do you want to create a Certificate Authority? [yes or no] : " && read answer
if [ "X$answer" == "Xyes" ] ; then
        mkdir -p CA
        cd CA
        mkdir public crl newcerts private
        echo 01 > serial
        cp /dev/null index.txt
        if [ ! -f ../openssl.cnf ] ; then
                echo "Must setup an openssl.cnf"
                exit 1
        fi
        openssl req -new -x509 -keyout private/cakey.pem -out public/cacert.pem -days 365 -config ../openssl.cnf
        cd $cwd
fi

echo -n "Do you want to create a certificate for an SSL enabled server? [yes or no] : " && read answer
[ $answer == "yes" ] || exit 1

echo -n "What is the name of this cert / key? (certfilename) : " && read certfile
if [ $certfile != "" ] ; then
        unset answer
        openssl req -new -nodes -out req.pem -config $conf && \
        mv key.pem "${certfile}.key.pem" && \
        mv req.pem "${certfile}.req.pem" && \
        openssl req -in "${certfile}.req.pem" -text -verify -noout && \
        echo -n "Does information look correct? [yes or no] : " && read answer
        if [ $answer == "yes" ] ; then
                unset answer
                openssl ca -out "${certfile}.crt.pem" -config "$conf" -infiles "${certfile}.req.pem"
        fi
        echo -n "Do you want to strip the certificate? [yes or no] : " && read answer
        if [ $answer == "yes" ] ; then
                unset answer
                mv "${certfile}.crt.pem" "${certfile}.crt.tmp"
                openssl x509 -in "${certfile}.crt.tmp" -out "${certfile}.crt.pem" && \
                export key_stripped=1 && \
                rm "${certfile}.crt.tmp"
        fi
        if [ $key_stripped == 1 ] ; then
                echo -n "Do you want to create a combined cert/key file? [yes or no] : " && read answer
                if [ $answer == "yes" ] ; then
                        unset answer;
                        cat ${certfile}.crt.pem ${certfile}.key.pem > ${certfile}.crtkey.pem
                fi
        fi
fi
EoF

Edit the openssl.cnf with your favorite editor to customize it for you.

Now I’m gonna run you through the script one time and you can see how simple it is.

tsmith@tejinashi:~/Certificate_Authority_Admin$ ls
CAAdmin.sh      openssl.cnf
tsmith@tejinashi:~/Certificate_Authority_Admin$ sh CAAdmin.sh
Do you want to create a Certificate Authority? [yes or no] : yes
Generating a 1024 bit RSA private key
....................++++++
.++++++
writing new private key to 'private/cakey.pem'
Enter PEM pass phrase:
Verifying - Enter PEM pass phrase:
-----
You are about to be asked to enter information that will be incorporated
into your certificate request.
What you are about to enter is what is called a Distinguished Name or a DN.
There are quite a few fields but you can leave some blank
For some fields there will be a default value,
If you enter '.', the field will be left blank.
-----
Organization Name (company) [ToddSmith, Org]:
Organizational Unit Name (department, division) [Secure Services]:
Email Address [ca@toddsmith.org]:
Locality Name (city, district) [Los Angeles]:
State or Province Name (full name) [California]:
Country Name (2 letter code) [US]:
Common Name (hostname, IP, or your name) [toddsmith.org]:
Do you want to create a certificate for an SSL enabled server? [yes or no] : yes
What is the name of this cert / key? [certfile] : mail.toddsmith.org
Generating a 1024 bit RSA private key
..............................++++++
............................................++++++
writing new private key to 'key.pem'
-----
You are about to be asked to enter information that will be incorporated
into your certificate request.
What you are about to enter is what is called a Distinguished Name or a DN.
There are quite a few fields but you can leave some blank
For some fields there will be a default value,
If you enter '.', the field will be left blank.
-----
Organization Name (company) [ToddSmith, Org]:
Organizational Unit Name (department, division) [Secure Services]:
Email Address [ca@toddsmith.org]:
Locality Name (city, district) [Los Angeles]:
State or Province Name (full name) [California]:
Country Name (2 letter code) [US]:
Common Name (hostname, IP, or your name) [toddsmith.org]:mail.toddsmith.org
verify OK
Certificate Request:
    Data:
        Version: 0 (0x0)
        Subject: O=ToddSmith, Org, OU=Secure Services/emailAddress=ca@toddsmith.org, L=Los Angeles, ST=California, C=US, CN=mail.toddsmith.org
        Subject Public Key Info:
            Public Key Algorithm: rsaEncryption
            RSA Public Key: (1024 bit)
                Modulus (1024 bit):
                    00:d1:be:57:f7:e1:35:5b:01:fb:0d:20:06:23:dc:
                    44:f7:89:0e:f7:f6:71:5f:17:91:58:01:99:2f:75:
                    00:0d:e1:d7:0b:35:c1:90:e8:f9:56:a5:82:7b:a1:
                    97:79:b1:5b:7e:70:fd:cd:e0:95:5d:d1:f4:38:4d:
                    3f:00:fe:8a:a0:9a:66:2a:3c:45:27:e0:b1:98:3d:
                    40:2b:03:3c:5e:95:e1:48:79:a9:03:65:78:19:9b:
                    e9:39:06:6f:d6:ad:6f:12:55:dd:18:45:76:50:fd:
                    40:9a:60:7e:53:fb:67:0d:1b:1e:7f:e6:70:0d:ab:
                    2b:4c:45:5e:0e:df:c9:3f:5d
                Exponent: 65537 (0x10001)
        Attributes:
        Requested Extensions:
            X509v3 Basic Constraints:
                CA:FALSE
            X509v3 Subject Key Identifier:
                56:61:49:B0:F8:DA:58:9E:4A:14:EF:3B:61:D4:74:AF:B6:AF:3A:ED
    Signature Algorithm: md5WithRSAEncryption
        b5:8d:6f:16:87:1f:cb:78:16:03:9f:95:cf:4b:8d:b8:81:c0:
        a9:e4:a0:de:c1:72:b0:3c:c8:2f:26:5e:ff:af:24:de:68:76:
        e9:d0:f3:36:6d:d6:ea:40:27:19:33:91:ec:89:42:7b:ac:18:
        82:59:bf:c3:22:83:77:79:19:a1:05:92:6f:43:be:17:0d:c0:
        e8:f5:f6:a0:fe:1b:05:ab:fd:56:b8:3a:3b:81:d0:e3:c4:60:
        14:db:2f:de:27:a7:da:bc:72:10:e7:de:77:16:18:5e:30:81:
        d2:c6:1e:bf:96:f6:23:42:c2:0a:2e:3e:15:ff:bf:82:be:9d:
        0d:16
Does information look correct? [yes or no] : yes
Using configuration from openssl.cnf
Enter pass phrase for CA/private/cakey.pem:
Check that the request matches the signature
Signature ok
The Subject's Distinguished Name is as follows
organizationName       RINTABLE:'ToddSmith, Org'
organizationalUnitName:PRINTABLE:'Secure Services'
localityName           RINTABLE:'Los Angeles'
stateOrProvinceName    RINTABLE:'California'
countryName            RINTABLE:'US'
commonName             RINTABLE:'mail.toddsmith.org'
Certificate is to be certified until Apr  2 01:42:45 2011 GMT (730 days)
Sign the certificate? [y/n]:y

1 out of 1 certificate requests certified, commit? [y/n]y
Write out database with 1 new entries
Data Base Updated
Do you want to strip the certificate? [yes or no] : yes
Do you want to create a combined cert/key file? [yes or no] : yes
tsmith@tejinashi:~/Certificate_Authority_Admin$ ls -1
CA
CAAdmin.sh
mail.toddsmith.org.crt.pem
mail.toddsmith.org.crtkey.pem
mail.toddsmith.org.key.pem
mail.toddsmith.org.req.pem
openssl.cnf
tsmith@tejinashi:~/Certificate_Authority_Admin$

There you have it. If you want to create another key, run it again. From this point forward you will probably want to answer “no” when the script asks if you want to create a new Certificate Authority. I have not tested it.

I hope that you found this useful.

If you want to provide secure communications between your webserver and the clients that visit your website, you’re going to need an SSL certificate (SSLCert) signed by a well-known Certificate Authority (CA).

I’m just gonna outline the process of generating one.

Prerequisites:

1. OpenSSL
2. Domain Name
3. Entity information (Name, Address, Etc..)

Steps

Create a CSR in 3 easy steps

1. Use this command to create your working directory, and change to it so you’ve got everything in one place. You can change my_certs to anything you want.
   

   mkdir my_certs && cd my_certs

2. Use this command to generate an encrypted private key. If you enter a pass-phrase here, you’ll need to use it any time you start-up your web-server. You should enter a pass-phrase here. We can remove it later. If you lose or forget the pass-phrase, you’re gonna have to do all this over again… And you might have to purchase another certificate from your provider.
   

   openssl genrsa -des3 -out toddsmith.org.key 1024

3. Next use this command to create a CSR from the RSA private key. You cannot use any special characters (< > ~ ! @ # $ % ^ * / \ ( ) ?.,&). You’ll need the following information:
   • Common Name: This is the full name of your website. For example: www.toddsmith.org
   • Organization: Your name or the legal name of your company.
   • Organization Unit: The department you work in or this server provides service for: For example: IT Services
   • City: The City you or your organization is in.
   • State: The State you or your organization is in.
   • Country: The 2 letter abbreviation of your country

   openssl req -new -key toddsmith.org.key -out toddsmith.org.csr

Remove Encryption from Private Key

Use the following steps to remove encryption from the private key for use with dovecot, sendmail or to remove the start-up pass phrase dialog from apache, etc…

1. Make a backup of the key file
   

   cp toddsmith.org.key toddsmith.org.key.encrypted

2. Make a backup of the key file
   

   openssl rsa -in toddsmith.org.key.encrypted -out toddsmith.org.key

The -out file toddsmith.org.key is now your unencrypted private key. Lose it, and anyone can use it now.

Use certificate for Microsoft Internet

Now you’ve received your certificate from your provider and you want to use it for Internet

To use the certificate you just created for Internet Explorer, you have to convert it to the PFX format. It’s currently in PEM format.

1. To create a PFX formatted certificate/key combination. The following command is one line.
   

   openssl pkcs12 -export -out toddsmith.org.pfx -inkey \ toddsmith.org.key -in toddsmith.org.crt

Convert key and certificate to use with Sendmail, Dovecot, or others

To do this, you’ll need the certificate issued from your Certificate Authority, and your unencrypted key file. If your key is still encrypted, use the process above to remove the encryption from the key.

All set? Okay let’s do it.

1. Run the following command to combine the key and certificate for use with Sendmail, Dovecot, uw-imap, and many others
   

   cat toddsmith.org.key toddsmith.org.crt > toddsmith.org.pem

All done, now you can use it with your favorite MTA, or Email software.

Update: This was going to be for Ubuntu, but will work on any Unix include Solaris, HP-UX, FreeBSD, OpenBSD, Slackware, CentOS…… Whatever.

Installation

wget http://superb-east.dl.sourceforge.net/sourceforge/awstats/awstats-6.9.tar.gz
mkdir /opt
tar zxvf awstats-6.9.tar.gz -C /opt
ln -sf /opt/awstats-6.9 /opt/awstats

Now, it’s installed. Time to Configure.

Configuration

cd /opt/awstats
perl tools/awstats_configure.pl

root@function:/opt/awstats# perl tools/awstats_configure.pl

—– AWStats awstats_configure 1.0 (build 1.8) (c) Laurent Destailleur —–
This tool will help you to configure AWStats to analyze statistics for
one web server. You can try to use it to let it do all that is possible
in AWStats setup, however following the step by step manual setup
documentation (docs/index.html) is often a better idea. Above all if:
- You are not an administrator user,
- You want to analyze downloaded log files without web server,
- You want to analyze mail or ftp log files instead of web log files,
- You need to analyze load balanced servers log files,
- You want to ‘understand’ all possible ways to use AWStats…
Read the AWStats documentation (docs/index.html).

—–> Running OS detected: Linux, BSD or Unix
Warning: AWStats standard directory on Linux OS is ‘/usr/local/awstats’.
If you want to use standard directory, you should first move all content
of AWStats distribution from current directory:
/opt/awstats-6.9
to standard directory:
/usr/local/awstats
And then, run configure.pl from this location.
Do you want to continue setup from this NON standard directory [yN] ?
root@function:/opt/awstats# perl tools/awstats_configure.pl

—– AWStats awstats_configure 1.0 (build 1.8) (c) Laurent Destailleur —–
This tool will help you to configure AWStats to analyze statistics for
one web server. You can try to use it to let it do all that is possible
in AWStats setup, however following the step by step manual setup
documentation (docs/index.html) is often a better idea. Above all if:
- You are not an administrator user,
- You want to analyze downloaded log files without web server,
- You want to analyze mail or ftp log files instead of web log files,
- You need to analyze load balanced servers log files,
- You want to ‘understand’ all possible ways to use AWStats…
Read the AWStats documentation (docs/index.html).

—–> Running OS detected: Linux, BSD or Unix
Warning: AWStats standard directory on Linux OS is ‘/usr/local/awstats’.
If you want to use standard directory, you should first move all content
of AWStats distribution from current directory:
/opt/awstats-6.9
to standard directory:
/usr/local/awstats
And then, run configure.pl from this location.
Do you want to continue setup from this NON standard directory [yN] ? y

—–> Check for web server install

Enter full config file path of your Web server.
Example: /etc/httpd/httpd.conf
Example: /usr/local/apache2/conf/httpd.conf
Example: c:\Program files\apache group\apache\conf\httpd.conf
Config file path (‘none’ to skip web server setup):
> /opt/apache/conf/httpd.conf

—–> Check and complete web server config file ‘/opt/apache/conf/httpd.conf’
Warning: You Apache config file contains directives to write ‘common’ log files
This means that some features can’t work (os, browsers and keywords detection).
Do you want me to setup Apache to write ‘combined’ log files [y/N] ? y
Add ‘Alias /awstatsclasses “/opt/awstats-6.9/wwwroot/classes/”‘
Add ‘Alias /awstatscss “/opt/awstats-6.9/wwwroot/css/”‘
Add ‘Alias /awstatsicons “/opt/awstats-6.9/wwwroot/icon/”‘
Add ‘ScriptAlias /awstats/ “/opt/awstats-6.9/wwwroot/cgi-bin/”‘
Add ‘<Directory>’ directive
AWStats directives added to Apache config file.

—–> Update model config file ‘/opt/awstats-6.9/wwwroot/cgi-bin/awstats.model.conf’
File awstats.model.conf updated.

—–> Need to create a new config file ?
Do you want me to build a new AWStats config/profile
file (required if first install) [y/N] ? y

—–> Define config file name to create
#
What is the name of your web site or profile analysis ?
Example: www.mysite.com
Example: demo
Your web site, virtual server or profile name:
> www.toddsmith.org

—–> Define config file path
In which directory do you plan to store your config file(s) ?
Default: /etc/awstats
Directory path to store config file(s) (Enter for default):
>

—–> Create config file ‘/etc/awstats/awstats.www.toddsmith.org.conf’
Config file /etc/awstats/awstats.www.toddsmith.org.conf created.

—–> Restart Web server with ‘/etc/init.d/apache restart’
Stopping Apache…OK
Starting Apache…OK

—–> Add update process inside a scheduler
Sorry, configure.pl does not support automatic add to cron yet.
You can do it manually by adding the following command to your cron:
/opt/awstats-6.9/wwwroot/cgi-bin/awstats.pl -update -config=www.toddsmith.org
Or if you have several config files and prefer having only one command:
/opt/awstats-6.9/tools/awstats_updateall.pl now
Press ENTER to continue…

A SIMPLE config file has been created: /etc/awstats/awstats.www.toddsmith.org.conf
You should have a look inside to check and change manually main parameters.
You can then manually update your statistics for ‘www.toddsmith.org’ with command:
> perl awstats.pl -update -config=www.toddsmith.org
You can also read your statistics for ‘www.toddsmith.org’ with URL:
> http://localhost/awstats/awstats.pl?config=www.toddsmith.org

Press ENTER to finish…

root@function:/opt/awstats#

Now I feel like my httpd.conf has just been molested, I’m gonna go fix it. The following was added:

#
# Directives to allow use of AWStats as a CGI
#
Alias /awstatsclasses “/opt/awstats-6.9/wwwroot/classes/”
Alias /awstatscss “/opt/awstats-6.9/wwwroot/css/”
Alias /awstatsicons “/opt/awstats-6.9/wwwroot/icon/”
ScriptAlias /awstats/ “/opt/awstats-6.9/wwwroot/cgi-bin/”

#
# This is to permit URL access to scripts/files in AWStats directory.
#
<Directory “/opt/awstats-6.9/wwwroot”>
Options None
AllowOverride None
Order allow,deny
Allow from all
</Directory>

I’m gonna change this up a little bit, make it easier to manage, and easier to upgrade at the same time.

cat<<EoF>/opt/apache/conf/awstats.conf

#
# Directives to allow use of AWStats as a CGI
#
Alias /awstatsclasses “/opt/awstats/wwwroot/classes/”
Alias /awstatscss “/opt/awstats/wwwroot/css/”
Alias /awstatsicons “/opt/awstats/wwwroot/icon/”
ScriptAlias /awstats/ “/opt/awstats/wwwroot/cgi-bin/”

#
# This is to permit URL access to scripts/files in AWStats directory.
#
<Directory “/opt/awstats/wwwroot”>
Options SymLinksIfOwnerMatch
AllowOverride AuthConfig FileInfo
Order deny,allow
Allow from all
AuthName “AWStats”
AuthType Basic
AuthUserFile /vhosts/auth/webadmin.pwd
require valid-user
</Directory>

EoF

So I made myself a custom configuration file, and a complementary script. This works well for me because I keep all my virtual hosts in /vhosts and their logs under log/xfer_log.

Awstats Configuration File

LogFile=”/vhosts/REPLACE_ME/log/xfer_log”
LogType=W
LogFormat=1
LogSeparator=” ”
SiteDomain=”REPLACE_ME”
HostAliases=”REPLACE_ME www.REPLACE_ME 127.0.0.1 localhost”
DNSLookup=2
DirData=”/vhosts/REPLACE_ME/htdocs/stats”
DirCgi=”/awstats”
DirIcons=”/awstatsicons”
AllowToUpdateStatsFromBrowser=0
AllowFullYearView=3
EnableLockForUpdate=0
DNSStaticCacheFile=”dnscache.txt”
DNSLastUpdateCacheFile=”dnscachelastupdate.txt”
SkipDNSLookupFor=”"
AllowAccessFromWebToAuthenticatedUsersOnly=1
AllowAccessFromWebToFollowingAuthenticatedUsers=”webadmin awstats”
AllowAccessFromWebToFollowingIPAddresses=”"
CreateDirDataIfNotExists=0
BuildHistoryFormat=text
BuildReportFormat=html
SaveDatabaseFilesWithPermissionsForEveryone=0
PurgeLogFile=0
ArchiveLogRecords=0
KeepBackupOfHistoricFiles=0
DefaultFile=”index.html”
SkipHosts=”"
SkipUserAgents=”"
SkipFiles=”"
SkipReferrersBlackList=”"
OnlyHosts=”"
OnlyUserAgents=”"
OnlyUsers=”"
OnlyFiles=”"
NotPageList=”css js class gif jpg jpeg png bmp ico rss xml swf”
ValidHTTPCodes=”200 304″
ValidSMTPCodes=”1 250″
AuthenticatedUsersNotCaseSensitive=0
URLNotCaseSensitive=0
URLWithAnchor=0
URLQuerySeparators=”?;”
URLWithQuery=0
URLWithQueryWithOnlyFollowingParameters=”"
URLWithQueryWithoutFollowingParameters=”"
URLReferrerWithQuery=0
WarningMessages=1
ErrorMessages=”"
DebugMessages=0
NbOfLinesForCorruptedLog=50
WrapperScript=”"
DecodeUA=0
MiscTrackerUrl=”/js/awstats_misc_tracker.js”
LevelForBrowsersDetection=2 # 0 disables Browsers detection.
# 2 reduces AWStats speed by 2%
# allphones reduces AWStats speed by 5%
LevelForOSDetection=2 # 0 disables OS detection.
# 2 reduces AWStats speed by 3%
LevelForRefererAnalyze=2 # 0 disables Origin detection.
# 2 reduces AWStats speed by 14%
LevelForRobotsDetection=2 # 0 disables Robots detection.
# 2 reduces AWStats speed by 2.5%
LevelForSearchEnginesDetection=2 # 0 disables Search engines detection.
# 2 reduces AWStats speed by 9%
LevelForKeywordsDetection=2 # 0 disables Keyphrases/Keywords detection.
# 2 reduces AWStats speed by 1%
LevelForFileTypesDetection=2 # 0 disables File types detection.
# 2 reduces AWStats speed by 1%
LevelForWormsDetection=0 # 0 disables Worms detection.
# 2 reduces AWStats speed by 15%
UseFramesWhenCGI=1
DetailedReportsOnNewWindows=1
Expires=0
MaxRowsInHTMLOutput=1000
Lang=”auto”
DirLang=”./lang”
ShowMenu=1
ShowSummary=UVPHB
ShowMonthStats=UVPHB
ShowDaysOfMonthStats=VPHB
ShowDaysOfWeekStats=PHB
ShowHoursStats=PHB
ShowDomainsStats=PHB
ShowHostsStats=PHBL
ShowAuthenticatedUsers=0
ShowRobotsStats=HBL
ShowWormsStats=0
ShowEMailSenders=0
ShowEMailReceivers=0
ShowSessionsStats=1
ShowPagesStats=PBEX
ShowFileTypesStats=HB
ShowFileSizesStats=0
ShowOSStats=1
ShowBrowsersStats=1
ShowScreenSizeStats=0
ShowOriginStats=PH
ShowKeyphrasesStats=1
ShowKeywordsStats=1
ShowMiscStats=a
ShowHTTPErrorsStats=1
ShowSMTPErrorsStats=0
ShowClusterStats=0
AddDataArrayMonthStats=1
AddDataArrayShowDaysOfMonthStats=1
AddDataArrayShowDaysOfWeekStats=1
AddDataArrayShowHoursStats=1
IncludeInternalLinksInOriginSection=0
MaxNbOfDomain = 10
MinHitDomain = 1
MaxNbOfHostsShown = 10
MinHitHost = 1
MaxNbOfLoginShown = 10
MinHitLogin = 1
MaxNbOfRobotShown = 10
MinHitRobot = 1
MaxNbOfPageShown = 10
MinHitFile = 1
MaxNbOfOsShown = 10
MinHitOs = 1
MaxNbOfBrowsersShown = 10
MinHitBrowser = 1
MaxNbOfScreenSizesShown = 5
MinHitScreenSize = 1
MaxNbOfWindowSizesShown = 5
MinHitWindowSize = 1
MaxNbOfRefererShown = 10
MinHitRefer = 1
MaxNbOfKeyphrasesShown = 10
MinHitKeyphrase = 1
MaxNbOfKeywordsShown = 10
MinHitKeyword = 1
MaxNbOfEMailsShown = 20
MinHitEMail = 1
FirstDayOfWeek=1
ShowFlagLinks=”"
ShowLinksOnUrl=1
UseHTTPSLinkForUrl=”"
MaxLengthOfShownURL=64
HTMLHeadSection=”"
HTMLEndSection=”"
Logo=”awstats_logo6.png”
LogoLink=”http://awstats.sourceforge.net”
BarWidth = 260
BarHeight = 90
StyleSheet=”"
color_Background=”FFFFFF” # Background color for main page (Default = “FFFFFF”)
color_TableBGTitle=”CCCCDD” # Background color for table title (Default = “CCCCDD”)
color_TableTitle=”000000″ # Table title font color (Default = “000000″)
color_TableBG=”CCCCDD” # Background color for table (Default = “CCCCDD”)
color_TableRowTitle=”FFFFFF” # Table row title font color (Default = “FFFFFF”)
color_TableBGRowTitle=”ECECEC” # Background color for row title (Default = “ECECEC”)
color_TableBorder=”ECECEC” # Table border color (Default = “ECECEC”)
color_text=”000000″ # Color of text (Default = “000000″)
color_textpercent=”606060″ # Color of text for percent values (Default = “606060″)
color_titletext=”000000″ # Color of text title within colored Title Rows (Default = “000000″)
color_weekend=”EAEAEA” # Color for week-end days (Default = “EAEAEA”)
color_link=”0011BB” # Color of HTML links (Default = “0011BB”)
color_hover=”605040″ # Color of HTML on-mouseover links (Default = “605040″)
color_u=”FFAA66″ # Background color for number of unique visitors (Default = “FFAA66″)
color_v=”F4F090″ # Background color for number of visites (Default = “F4F090″)
color_p=”4477DD” # Background color for number of pages (Default = “4477DD”)
color_h=”66DDEE” # Background color for number of hits (Default = “66DDEE”)
color_k=”2EA495″ # Background color for number of bytes (Default = “2EA495″)
color_s=”8888DD” # Background color for number of search (Default = “8888DD”)
color_e=”CEC2E8″ # Background color for number of entry pages (Default = “CEC2E8″)
color_x=”C1B2E2″ # Background color for number of exit pages (Default = “C1B2E2″)
ExtraTrackedRowsLimit=500

Update Script

#!/bin/bash
cd /etc/awstats
webserver_user=daemon

for each in `ls -1 –color=none /vhosts` ; do
if [ X"$1" = "Xclean" ] ; then
rm -rf /vhosts/$each/htdocs/stats
fi
if [ ! -d /vhosts/$each/htdocs/stats ] ; then
mkdir /vhosts/$each/htdocs/stats
fi
chown -R $webserver_user /vhosts/$each/htdocs/stats
cat awstats.REPLACE_ME.conf | sed s,REPLACE_ME,$each,g > awstats.$each.conf
su $webserver_user -c “/opt/awstats/wwwroot/cgi-bin/awstats.pl -update -config=$each”
done

touch update_awstats.lastrun